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Biodiversity

Biodiversity protection

Biodiversity is a wide-ranging concept that refers not only to ecosystems and their living components, but also to the ecological processes that sustain them and the services that these processes provide. 

We promote biodiversity and ecosystem services

In our Environmental Policy, we commit to "Protect and preserve biodiversity, ecosystems and associated ecosystem services by managing impacts and dependencies on biodiversity and affected communities and stakeholders throughout the life cycle of our operations, products and services. This management will pay particular attention to impacts occurring in or near protected areas and will take into account the main drivers on biodiversity loss (i.e. climate change, landuse change, freshwater-use change and sea-use change, direct exploitation, introduction of invasive alien species and pollution)”.

Additionally, when we work in joint ventures that we do not operate, we are committed to promote the development and adoption of best management practices with our partners.

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Bird
Three Bonelli's eagles in a cage

Our commitments and objectives

Voluntary exclusion areas

We are committed to not undertake any activity within the boundaries of sites included in the UNESCO World Heritage List classified as natural, cultural, or mixed.

Impacts Management on biodiversity in sensitive areas

We have set the goal of having, as of 2027, Biodiversity Action Plans, or equivalent environmental vector monitoring and control plans, in place for 100% of the operated assets material in biodiversity and ecosystems located within the boundaries of sensitive areas or protected areas, including those with IUCN management categories I to IV, Ramsar sites, the OSPAR network of marine protected areas, and Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs), as well as in those assets operated whose direct area of influence is within the boundaries of a site included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Conservation of threatened species

We have set the goal of improving the conservation status of at least 5 threatened species by 2030 through the financing, implementation, and monitoring of specific projects.

Management model

Based on recognized and verifiable standards, our management practices aim to maximize the positive and minimize the negative impacts on biodiversity (and the resources it provides) caused by the planning and development of our projects and operations, regardless of where they are located.

Our management practices focus on:

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A holistic view

We integrate natural capital, biodiversity, and the protection of ecosystem services into management systems and decision-making processes.

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Collaborating with stakeholders

We collaborate with local communities and engage stakeholders, understanding their expectations on biodiversity. 

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Assessing impacts and dependencies

We analyze the impacts and dependencies associated with the ecosystem services provided by biodiversity and other elements of natural capital.

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Applying the mitigation hierarchy

We implement measures to avoid and minimize impacts on biodiversity and natural capital and to restore the environment in which we operate.

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Monitoring performance

We develop KPIs that allow us to measure performance and optimize management measures.

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Participating in projects

We take part in research, conservation, education, and awareness-raising projects on biodiversity and the environment.

Impact mitigation hierarchy

We use the impact mitigation hierarchy as a framework to identify potential impacts as soon as possible throughout the entire life cycle of our projects and operations, especially those located in protected areas, in order to prevent and mitigate their effects. This framework includes the following steps:

  • Avoidance

    Measures taken to completely prevent impacts on biodiversity from the outset, such as changing the spatial design of a project to prevent impacts in specific locations or relocating infrastructure outside sensitive areas.

Projects and actions as part of our activity

We undertake actions to protect biodiversity, ecosystems, and associated ecosystem services related to our activity as a means of working towards to meeting the commitments laid out in our Environmental Policy.

Egyptian vultures (Neophron percnopterus) waiting for dinner at a supplemental feeding point..

Recovery of scavenger birds

Since 2022, we have been developing a 5 year R&D project in the northern Iberian System (Aragon) in collaboration with the NGO Acobija to address biodiversity loss and strengthen the connectivity of the ecological corridor. The work focuses on two key species, the red kite and the Egyptian vulture, due to their unfavorable conservation status and migratory nature. The project acts in two areas:

  • Management of a Supplementary Feeding Point to meet the food needs of the target species at critical stages of the annual cycle and to carry out a systematic analysis to evaluate its effectiveness and replicability.
  • Restoration of the natural feeding habitat, in collaboration with the extensive livestock sector, facilitating the use of organic waste as a trophic resource distributed throughout the territory.

Thanks to agreements with livestock farmers and local entities, the availability of food for these species has increased, operating costs have been reduced on participating farms, and an outreach program has been launched targeting administrations, training centers, and actors in the livestock sector. 

Bat

Generating knowledge about chiropterans in Caipipendi (Bolivia)

One third of Bolivia's mammals are bats and, despite this important richness, there is still little knowledge about the biology of these species and the benefits they provide as seed dispersers, pollinators and pest controllers in the ecosystems where they live. As part of the Caipipendi Area Biodiversity Action Plan, a study of bats has been carried out with the aim of providing greater knowledge about the ecology and conservation status of these mammals present in this area. As a result of this project, it has been possible to generate a guide on bat species that live in this area, in addition to the first acoustic library of bats that live in the southern sub-Andean region of Bolivia.

Three eagles

We participate in the reintroduction of endangered birds

In July 2022, we released five Bonelli's eagles in Huesca under the supervision of the Department of Agriculture, Livestock, and Environment of Aragon, and the technical support of the association GREFA (Grupo de Rehabilitación de la Fauna Autóctona y su Hábitat).

This operation has succeeded in returning several specimens of this bird to their natural habitat, catalogued as "endangered" and whose population had fallen by 35% in the last 15 years, currently amounting to 20 pairs. This project also includes close collaboration with local authorities, talks to raise public awareness, and the release of up to twenty more birds.

Caripendi

We manage biodiversity in our projects

Our operations in the Caipipendi area (Bolivia) incorporate biodiversity criteria in all phases of the asset's life.

We have conducted an environmental impact study, sensitivity mapping, and historical monitoring of the area with satellite imagery to identify our impacts and mitigate them.

Water dam

We develop KPIs to measure performance and optimize management

We carry out annual campaigns to monitor the ecological status/potential of reservoirs and rivers downstream of hydropower plants. The aim is to monitor to avoid impacts on these ecosystems directly related to our hydropower production activity.

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LIFE DIVAQUA Project

We participate in the LIFE DIVAQUA project. Its main objective is the restoration of the aquatic ecosystems of the Natura 2000 Network in the Picos de Europa National Park (northern Spain) and its surroundings to improve the conservation status of aquatic habitats and species of Community interest.

View of the Tarragona complex

We take measures to reduce habitat deterioration

We carry out biodiversity management actions on the properties we own around the Gaia reservoir, which supplies water to our Tarragona Industrial Complex. These measures include building stone piles to preserve the Bonelli's eagle and eagle owl populations, the installation of nesting boxes to maintain and increase the populations of insectivorous birds, rollers, and bats, and the recovery of carob tree fields.

Fish on the seabed

Ecological beaconing project

For years, we have been implementing an ecological beaconing project with biotopes on the Tarragona coast in order to attract marine flora and fauna and form small reefs.

Since the start of the project in 2012, 135 biotopes have been distributed on the beaches of 6 coastal towns. 

In 2020, this initiative was chosen as an example of best practice according to SDG 14: "Conserve and sustainably use oceans, seas, and marine resources” during the Spanish Global Compact Network's Oceans Week. 

Sagari Project esplanade

Sagari Project (Peru)

In the construction of the Sagari Project, we have implemented management measures that enabled us to identify biologically sensitive areas and to mitigate biodiversity impacts. These measures include the installation of canopy bridges and the translocation of plants.

In addition, we have carried out the revegetation of the pipeline as part of the Asset Abandonment Plan.

Repsol Campus

We promote biodiversity in cities

We have integrated our Campus in Madrid into the LIFE Boosting Urban Green Infrastructure through Biodiversity-Oriented Design of Business Premises project, which promotes the design and management of business and industrial premises while taking biodiversity and nature into account.

Seabed

We analyze underwater noise with our own methodologies

We have developed a predictive model of underwater acoustic propagation based on actual values from Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) measurement equipment. The model makes it possible to predict noise values on offshore production platforms regardless of the salinity of the water and the depth of the environment, which facilitates risk management for marine life in order to minimize the impact of our operations. With this advance, Repsol strengthens its commitment to biodiversity management in the marine environment for offshore hydrocarbon production activities, complementing it with compliance with the guidelines of the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) in all its offshore geophysical seismic operations.

Workers

Alternatives to conventional biological monitoring

By assessing the ecosystems' genetic footprint, biodiversity data was collected from water, soil, and sediment samples at our Block 57 asset located in a rainforest area of Peru in a non-invasive way for the current living organisms. Also, the simplicity of the sampling method bolsters our commitment to the local communities and significantly reduces our carbon footprint due to less specialized field staff required, less waste generation, and lower use of natural resources, among others.

More information on sustainability

An industrial complex worker consulting a measuring device

Air, water, and soil quality

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Petronor industrial complex

Water management

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Updated as of February 2026